There are many different types of espresso and cappuccino machines on the market today. All of them, however, can be grouped into the following categories:
Manual (or Lever Operated) - Usually a Lever-type machine whereby the operator lifts the lever to allow water into the brewhead and then firmly, with consistent pressure, forces the lever in a downward motion to make espresso. It takes a bit longer to learn how to operate and produce a good espresso on this type of machine. On the other hand, it allows the user to have a greater control over how the espresso is made. Finally, when you master your skill of espresso making it can be quite a show for your friends to see.
Semi-Automatic - This is the most popular type of espresso machine on the market. Fairly priced, it is an electrically operated machine whereby the operator turns on the coffee switch to have water forced through the espresso coffee grind. The user is then has to shut off the coffee switch when the desired or proper amount of coffee has filled the cup.
Full Automatic - An electrically operated machine whereby the operator presses a switch or button and the machine automatically doses the proper amount of water forced through the coffee grind.
Super Automatic - "Two or three in one". An electrically operated machine that automatically grinds the espresso beans, tamps it into a puck, doses the proper amount of water, and discards the puck into an internal dump box. On some commercial models, milk is automatically frothed/steamed into the same cup at the same time.